Chapter Notes On Ancient Civilizations - 4929 Words

Angela Su 8-2-15 AP Language Chapter Notes Chapter 1 Some ancient civilizations developed writing, however, in these civilizations, journalists, people who write about and spread news, did not exist. Although there were no journalists, there were publicists, people who advertised and promoted various things. Eventually, people learn to use writing to record events. After awhile, some monarchs realize that if they can manipulate news, they help themselves more than by simply promoting themselves. Julius Caesar learns that if he makes the actions of the senate public, the senate will no longer be as mysterious. He called these public notices about the affairs within the senate the Acta Diurna. This was sent throughout the empire and helped connect the various, isolated provinces. While the powerful controlled the press, they loved it; however, as technology advanced and inventions like the printing press made literacy and the ability to publish news more accessible to the people, the affinity the rulers once had for the idea of the pres s diminished. By the 17th century, people can find newspapers that report on the happenings around them, but monarchs try to suppress the freedom of speech. 1. Why was literacy an important factor of power? 2. How did being able to control and manipulate news contribute to the power of monarchs? 3. How did inventions like the printing press help spread literacy? 4. How did news help unify various regions once isolated? 5. Why should theShow MoreRelatedComparing Religious And Political Authority Of Early Civilizations1352 Words   |  6 PagesComparing Religious and Political Authority of Early Civilizations Civilization can be defined along lines of a sophisticated state of human society, whereby a high level of culture and science, as well as industry and government has been attained. This paper compares civilization in the line of authority, both in religious and political spheres among the three groups; Mesopotamia, Nile in Egypt and Indus Valley (Mahenjodaro and Harrapa) in India. Mesopotamia Political organization The name MesopotamiaRead MoreEssay on Ancient Greece: A History in Eleven Cities 1046 Words   |  5 PagesAncient Greece: A History in Eleven Cities is a concise and surprisingly refined assessment of the Ancient Greek world, from the early dark ages to late Antiquity, told uniquely through the history of eleven city-states or â€Å"polis†. Paul Cartledge’s Ancient Greece: A History in Eleven Cities, details the cultural traditions, trade, and politics that laid the foundation of the sprawling Aegean civilization. By examples of the successful polis Cnossos on the island of Crete, and continuing through toRead MorePrinting Press and Its Effects839 Words   |  3 PagesWeek seven TD 1 ONG in chapter five â€Å" Print, Space and Closure†talks about printing press and its effects .Through the chapter I found some interesting points connected to literacy. First,the idea of persons in a primary oral culture can entertain some sense of proprietary rights to a poem but with writing resentment at plagiarism begins to develop . We struggle in a copy right world and with removing words from the sound world , print encouraged us to think about mental held possessions as we expressRead MoreReview on the Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State. ------------------ Frederick Engels |1281 Words   |  6 Pages 3. Property * Stages 1. Savagery 2. Barbarism 3. Civilization * Review * Development of human society and the family * The Consanguine Family Read MoreHow Did The Nile River Affect Ancient Egypt833 Words   |  4 PagesThe Nile River shaped the civilization of Ancient Egypt in many different and important ways, which includes agriculturally, geographically, and economically. It allowed them to grow crops in the harsh Sahara Desert. The Nile River determined where the Egyptians made their cities and settlements. It also allowed them to form a civilization with a booming economy when there was still wooly mammoths roaming the Earth. The Nile River was an essential in order for both ancient and modern Egypt to formRead MoreDevelopments Of Ancient Chinese Mathematics1643 Words   |  7 Pages Developments in ancient Chinese mathematics reflected the great necessity for organization in China’s expansive domain. In [2]:â€Å"But the main thrust of Chinese mathematics developed in response to the empire’s growing need for mathematically competent administrators†. Administration, then, fueled the need for Chinese mathematical development; practical application formed the foundation. This is not to say that there were not exceptions, however. China’s golden age of mathematics spanned the 13thRead MoreThe Amazons, A Tribe Of Ancient Greek Mythology1583 Words   |  7 Pages The Amazons, a tribe of enigmatic warrior women of ancient Greek myth who are said to have lived in what was then Scythia and Sarmatia, which is now considered Eastern Europe and Central Russia. Achilles and Heracles both battled against these Amazons. Each noting their explicable warfare strategy and ability. But who exactly were these bow-wielding, horse riding women warriors of the Eurasian steppes? In this book, Mayor uses a wide variety of sources, ranging from a wide variety of different fieldsRead MoreCivilization and Its Discontents, by Sigmeund Freud Essay example840 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Civilization and Its Discontents† is a book written by Sigmund Freud in 1929 (originally titled â€Å"Das Unbehagen in der Kultur† or The Uneasiness in Culture.) This is considered to be one of Freud’s most important and widely read works. In this book, Freud explains his perspective by enumerating what he sees as fundamental tensions between civilization and the individual. He asserts that this tension stems from the individual’s quest for freedom and non-conformity and civilization’s quest for uniformityRead MoreThe Coffee, Tea, And Coca Cola1462 Words   |  6 Pagesof Reason. New ideas and inventions emerged during this time period, and all through a couple of cups of coffee at a warm and cozy coffeehouse. The book even had a chapter called â€Å"The Coffeehouse Internet†, due to the fact that coffeehouses were the main source of information back in that time. Here is the first sentence of the chapter: â€Å"When a seventeenth-century European businessman wanted to hear the latest business news, follow commodity prices, keep up with political gossip, find out what otherRead MoreWilliam Dunham s Journey Through Genius1432 Words   |  6 PagesThe author of Journey through Genius, William Dunham, begins this chapter by depicting how mathematics was spurred and developed in early civilizations. Dunham focuses primarily on the works’ and achievements’ of early Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Greece in this section. These ancient societies, as they developed, produced mathematicians such as; Thales, Pythagoras, and Hippocrates, who turned a basic human intuition for space and quantity into applicable everyday mathematics. The primary influences driving

Plagiarism Essay - 945 Words

One of the biggest issues that will come up when students write papers, is plagiarism. It is getting harder for students to avoid plagiarism. When a student plagiarizes, it can greatly affect them in a number of ways. The intention of this paper is to discuss what plagiarism is, how to give the proper documentation, and what to use when citing a source. Plagiarism is defined as taking somebody’s work and using it as your own work (â€Å"What is Plagiarism†). A variety of things can be plagiarized; they can range from papers all the way to people’s ideas. The most common thing that is plagiarized, would be pictures/music and information from websites. â€Å"Using an image, video or piece of music in a work you have produced without receiving†¦show more content†¦Jim Carnett has the first-hand experience with this happening, â€Å"I lifted a portion of one of my columns and inserted it in the Daily Pilot piece without attribution. The best way to avoid having personal ideas confused with outside sources is to look and see if there has been any form of documentation of the idea. If there is documentation of said idea out there than that would count as an outside source and you need to provide documentation for it. There can be coincidences, however, where two different parties have the same idea and you can’t tell whether or not it is a case of plagiarism. This is the case between the authors of Bucky’s 9th and The Art of Fielding. The two books share a very similar plot, that 3rd parties can’t tell whether or not it is plagiarism. The easiest way to solve this issue would be by having both authors provide the manuscripts for their respective books of when they started writing them (Streamlining Citations). Perhaps one of the simplest ways to avoid plagiarism is to provide documentation of where you got your information from. In an article in The Washington Post, Sandra Miller wrote about how she saw her son sk imming websites and not providing a source as to where he got his information. If her son was to write the paper without giving any form of documentation, that would count as plagiarism. A piece of advice that Miller wrote was, â€Å"When your kids are working on absolutely anything that requires research, remind them toShow MoreRelated Plagiarism Essay1731 Words   |  7 PagesPlagiarism missing works cited Plagiarism is a distinguished sounding word. One would almost think that it sounds like some lofty philosophical ideal named for the great Greek teacher Plagiarus, something to be aspired to. This is not so. Plagiarism is in fact a moral misdemeanor, and an academic felony. By definition, plagiarism is a piece of writing that has been copied from someone else and is presented as being your own work. Socrates, Plato and Aristotle would have frowned on such a practiceRead More The Problem of Plagiarism Essay1729 Words   |  7 Pagesresearching topics and sharing ideas, these same students are faced with the temptation to simply copy and paste information as they find it. Instances of plagiarism are on the rise, yet teachers are in a position where they cannot discontinue this type of assessment. Therefore, teachers face the question: How can we stop the rise of plagiarism among students? Input Since teachers have given assessments of any kind, students have attempted to find ways to cheat. Whether they were looking at anotherRead More Plagiarism On The Increase Essay1236 Words   |  5 Pages Plagiarism seems to be an increasing problem in todays society, especially on college and university campuses, with the immense resources presently available to people. Previously, individuals were restricted to finding information in resources such as books, magazines, journals, encyclopedias and newspapers, but with the technology and the growth and popularity of the Internet, plagiarism has truly become an issue. There seems to be a direct correlation with the increasing use of the InternetRead MoreOvercoming Plagiarism Essay1247 Words   |  5 Pages Plagiarism is an ever-increasing problem throughout the world today, as the internet, along with technology such as Iphones and Tablets, has made accessing another person’s useful work as easy as typing a few words into a search bar. Pirating that work is then a simple matter of â€Å"cutting and pasting†. Similarly, advanced word processors have provided a stress-free way of integrating another’s writin g into one’s own, or editing a plagiarized work so that it is more difficult to detect. HoweverRead MoreEssay on Plagiarism1301 Words   |  6 Pagescode of conduct at Clarion University plagiarism is â€Å"the use of anothers words without attribution and without enclosing the words in quotation marks. Plagiarism may also be defined as the act of taking the ideas or expressions of ideas of another person and representing them as ones own--even if the original paper has been paraphrased or otherwise modified.† (â€Å"Department of Nursing† ) A lot of people, including myself have been confused of what plagiarism really means. Through my research I foundRead More Internet Plagiarism Essay1563 Words   |  7 PagesInternet Plagiarism Plagiarism used to be easy to catch. It always took real work for a student to try to pass off someone else’s work as his or her own. Different sources of plagiarizing included copying texts from the library and buying old papers off of other students. There were not many resources to choose from where a student’s topic was contained. That has now changed. There is a little thing called the Internet. It has revolutionized the plagiarism world and made it a little more difficultRead MoreEssay on The Internet and Plagiarism1042 Words   |  5 PagesThe Internet and Plagiarism The World Wide Web is larger than any one person can imagine. There are an infinite amount of links to libraries and other sources of information. There are numerous search engines, such as Yahoo, which make researching really easy. We can find anything that we want on line, because there are no boundaries to our explorations, and there are no laws to stop us. You can find anything from socks to guns. People can even find completed research papers online; theyRead More Plagiarism Essay1189 Words   |  5 PagesPlagiarism For many, many years schools have been trying to stop students from plagiarizing materials. Detecting this plagiarism used to be easy because students only had access to books in the library, magazines, and encyclopedias. However, as the popularity of the Internet increased, so did the number of essays and papers being plagiarized. Students can easily go onto the internet and in no time at all find and essay on their topic of choice. For a certain fee they can buy the essay andRead More Plagiarism Essay1249 Words   |  5 PagesPlagiarism What is plagiarism? Obviously the word must be of some importance as I know it can greatly change ones future. From what I know, plagiarism can happen by careless mistakes, being uneducated of what plagiarism really means or just on purpose to save time for themselves. Some writers may not know the actual detail of how you give another writer full credit of their work. Another could be that some students are lazy, worried or in a rush to finish a paper and think plagiarizing is theRead MoreTechnology Plagiarism Essay1934 Words   |  8 PagesPlagiarism by Technology In todays technology driven world, many people are using the internet to fulfill their personal, professional, and educational goals. Technological advances make the internet easily accessible, from a variety of locations, for many people seeking education online. There are many online courses offered and many of the assignments place emphasis on the use of the internet as an information resource. This emphasis can be overwhelming to any student and lead to intentional

Assessing English Language Learners Free Essays

Assessing English Language Learners Grand Canyon University ESL 533N April 10, 2013 Abstract The OTELA test is the assessment given in Ohio to determine if a student can be removed from the ELL program and be a part of the mainstream classroom. The test is similar to the ELDA test given in many other states. It is a shorter test in duration of number of questions on each part. We will write a custom essay sample on Assessing English Language Learners or any similar topic only for you Order Now The OTELA is compared more in detail to the ELDA, STAAR and the AZELLA. Each of these assessments are very similar although they have some differences. A few states have reported to have changed the test they have used in the past. By states changing their assessment, it shows these states are looking for a better way to determine if students should stay in the ELL program at their school. The OTELA test is the current test used in the Ohio schools. This test is used throughout Ohio in grades K-12 to assess English language proficient. This test is similar to the ELDA test but shorter number of questions are given. The test covers the four standards of Speaking, Reading, Writing, and Listening. When giving the test, the two sections of Reading, Writing, and Listening may be given with a group however the Speaking assessment must be given individually. The Speaking and Listening assessment comes with a CD for students to listen to and respond. The answer document provides the assessor with a rubric to easily score the students response in the Listening section. The test has some benefits and some drawbacks. On the plus side, the test is quick to administer. It is straight forward as well. The test is used to determine if the student needs to be reclassified as no longer ELL. When students are determined to be ELL, they must stay in the ELL program until their 2nd grade year. After that, if the student scores a composite score of five or higher or scores a four and completes a trail period of mainstream instruction and receives a four or five, they can be reclassified as not ELL (Ohio Department of Education). Some drawbacks are this test is only used to determine if a student is continuing as an ELL student. The test results are not shared in the mainstream classroom or with the special education teachers. The test results, if shared, could be used to help drive the differentiated instruction in the classroom to best meet their needs. Students that still show they qualify as an ELL student but speak fluent English get overlooked in the mainstream classroom. The assessment should be presented to teachers in a way of bringing awareness to the needs of the ELL student regardless of their level of need. When the school is administering the test with the knowledge that it is only used to determine their eligibility as an ELL student, it cannot be used as a workable method for monitoring student progress. The test is administered then forgotten about until the results come. Then forgotten once again. It does not matter what assessment is given, but how the results are being utilized. Closing the achievement gap is always the goal in every educational setting. In order to do this, the assessments being used in the classroom is extremely important. All states are required to administer an assessment designed to measure students’ progress in â€Å"†¦ attaining proficiency, including a child’s level of comprehension, speaking, listening, reading, and writing skills in English†. The English Language Development Assessment (ELDA) was developed to meet these requirements. This test focuses on four tests to tests students’ ability to speak, write, listen, and read in English (South Carolina State Department of Education, 2012). This is different from the OTELA where it does not calculate a comprehension score. This test is given throughout seven states. Some states have been using this test over serveral years and others just recently adopted this test. The STAAR (State of Texas Assessments of Academic Readiness) assessment is a new assessment that the state of Texas adopted this year. TAKS ( Texas Assessment of Knowledge Skills) is the assessment used in prior year. The difference with the STAAR assessment is that it will test content students studied that year, as opposed to testing content studied over multiple years. Doing so will strengthen the alignment between what is taught and what is tested for a given course of study. While STAAR mathematics, reading, writing, and social studies assessments in grades 3–8 will continue to address only those TEKS taught in the given subject and grade, the content of other STAAR assessments will change (STAAR Resources, 2012). The AZELLA (Arizona English Language Learners Assessment) like the OTELA, meets both state and federal requirements for assessing the language proficiency of students identified as second language learners and determines placement for appropriate instruction. The AZELLA score is used for entry and exit criteria for ELL program services, for measuring annual progress, and for monitoring the language proficiency of students for two years after they have exited the ELL/SEI program. References â€Å"Ohio Department of Education ODE. † ODE. N. p. , n. d. Web. 10 Apr. 2013. http://www. ode. state. oh. us/GD/Templates/Pages/ODE/ODEDetail. aspx? page=3 â€Å"STAAR Resources. † Retrieved on 11 Apr 2013, from http://www. tea. state. tx. us/student. assessment/staar/ â€Å"South Carolina State Department of Education. † English Language Development Assessment. Retrieved on April 10, 2013, from http://ed. sc. gov/agency/programs-services/42/ How to cite Assessing English Language Learners, Essays